1995–2025
Indicator comparison
Annual government deficit and accumulated gross debt under the excessive deficit procedure from Eurostat.
Government surplus or deficit is a flow; Government debt (Maastricht) is a stock. Do not add the deficit onto the debt here.
<iframe src="https://longseries.com/en/p/deficit-and-debt/?embed=1" width="100%" height="480" style="border:0;max-width:100%" loading="lazy" title="Deficit and debt — Longseries"></iframe>Similar names do not necessarily mean identical definitions. Check the units, period and source descriptions before comparing.
General government surplus or deficit as a percentage of GDP under Maastricht reporting criteria from Eurostat.
General government consolidated gross debt as a percentage of GDP under Maastricht rules from Eurostat. Pairs with the World Bank central debt series Government debt.
Tap the chart or pick a year to read the values.
General government surplus or deficit as a percentage of GDP under Maastricht reporting criteria from Eurostat.
General government net lending / borrowing, % of GDP. EDP, Eurostat.
General government deficit or surplus as a percentage of GDP under the Maastricht criteria from Eurostat.
This year’s flow. Pair: Government debt (Maastricht) for the stock. Not a cash ministry score.
Longseries, “Government surplus or deficit”. Eurostat (gov_10dd_edpt1), 1995–2025, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden. Retrieved 2026-09-15. Eurostat reuse policy. Data SHA-256: 8d162cba81d8d6a2fa266c6ddae1cbafd669cb30ebf43bc1b27dff1c43cc9358. https://longseries.com/en/d/eu-gov-deficit/Extremes among countries with the same observation year: for 2025: highest — Cyprus; lowest — Romania
Only the first rows are shown here. Use “Remaining locations” below for the full list.
| Country | ||
|---|---|---|
| ↑Highest value in the comparable yearmaxCyprus | 2025 | +3.4%+3.4%↓−0.7 pp |
| Denmark | 2025 | +2.9%+2.9%↓−1.6 pp |
| Ireland | 2025 | +1.8%+1.8%↓−2.3 pp |
| Greece | 2025 | +1.7%+1.7%↑+0.4 pp |
| Portugal | 2025 | +0.7%+0.7%↑+0.1 pp |
| Sweden | 2025 | −1.3%−1.3%↑+0.2 pp |
| Netherlands | 2025 | −1.6%−1.6%↓−0.9 pp |
| Lithuania | 2025 | −1.8%−1.8%↓−0.5 pp |
Missing years are counted between the first and last observations. A missing value is not zero.
31 rows for Poland
Tap the chart or pick a year to read the values.
Calculated from the values shown in this view for the selected period. Statistics follow the active display mode.
Poland
−4.2%→−7.3%
Poland: −4.2% (1995) → −7.3% (2025). Difference: −3.1 pp. Peak value of −0.2% in 2018; lowest value of −7.4% in 2010.
| Year | Country | Value |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Poland | −7.3% |
| 2024 | Poland | −6.4% |
| 2023 | Poland | −5.2% |
| 2022 | Poland | −3.4% |
| 2021 | Poland | −1.7% |
| 2020 | Poland | −6.9% |
| 2019 | Poland | −0.7% |
| 2018 | Poland | −0.2% |
| 2017 | Poland | −1.5% |
| 2016 | Poland | −2.4% |
| 2015 | Poland | −2.6% |
| 2014 | Poland | −3.7% |
| 2013 | Poland | −4.2% |
| 2012 | Poland | −3.8% |
| 2011 | Poland | −5% |
| 2010 | Poland | −7.4% |
| 2009 | Poland | −7.2% |
| 2008 | Poland | −3.6% |
| 2007 | Poland | −1.9% |
| 2006 | Poland | −3.5% |
General government consolidated gross debt as a percentage of GDP under Maastricht rules from Eurostat. Pairs with the World Bank central debt series Government debt.
General government consolidated gross debt, % of GDP. Maastricht, Eurostat.
General government gross debt as a percentage of GDP under the Maastricht criteria from Eurostat. See also: Government debt.
Pair: Government debt. A gap is two sources, not two countries.
Longseries, “Government debt (Maastricht)”. Eurostat (gov_10dd_edpt1), 1995–2025, Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Estonia, European Union, Finland, France, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden. Retrieved 2026-09-15. Eurostat reuse policy. Data SHA-256: e989b29b2ed59580bb83c10ca147b7612c79899cb428ed55acd3b29e773a9fee. https://longseries.com/en/d/eu-gov-debt/Extremes among countries with the same observation year: for 2025: highest — Greece; lowest — Estonia
Only the first rows are shown here. Use “Remaining locations” below for the full list.
| Country | ||
|---|---|---|
| ↑Highest value in the comparable yearmaxGreece | 2025 | 146.1%146.1%↓−8.1 pp |
| Italy | 2025 | 137.1%137.1%↑+2.4 pp |
| France | 2025 | 115.6%115.6%↑+3.0 pp |
| Belgium | 2025 | 107.9%107.9%↑+4.0 pp |
| Spain | 2025 | 100.7%100.7%↓−0.9 pp |
| Portugal | 2025 | 89.7%89.7%↓−3.8 pp |
| Finland | 2025 | 88.5%88.5%↑+6.1 pp |
| European Union | 2025 | 81.7%81.7%↑+1.0 pp |
Missing years are counted between the first and last observations. A missing value is not zero.
31 rows for Poland
Tap the chart or pick a year to read the values.
Calculated from the values shown in this view for the selected period. Statistics follow the active display mode.
Poland
47.3→59.7
Poland: 47.3 (1995) → 59.7 (2025). Difference: +12.4 pp. Peak value of 59.7 in 2025; lowest value of 36.2 in 2000.
| Year | Country | Value |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Poland | 59.7% |
| 2024 | Poland | 54.8% |
| 2023 | Poland | 49.5% |
| 2022 | Poland | 48.8% |
| 2021 | Poland | 53% |
| 2020 | Poland | 56.6% |
| 2019 | Poland | 45.2% |
| 2018 | Poland | 48.2% |
| 2017 | Poland | 50.4% |
| 2016 | Poland | 54.1% |
| 2015 | Poland | 51.1% |
| 2014 | Poland | 51.1% |
| 2013 | Poland | 56.9% |
| 2012 | Poland | 54.5% |
| 2011 | Poland | 54.8% |
| 2010 | Poland | 53.7% |
| 2009 | Poland | 49.7% |
| 2008 | Poland | 46.6% |
| 2007 | Poland | 44.4% |
| 2006 | Poland | 47.1% |